Health promotion and protection are essential for human wellness and sustained socioeconomic development. 421 million of hospitalization and 42.7 million of adverse events occur each year worldwide, being USA's third death cause after cancer and heart diseases, causing at least 250000 deaths per year. This events impact negatively in the hospital's administrative and economic management's efficiency, causing temporal or permanent damage to patients, considered a worldwide epidemic, representing between 12 to 15% of hospitalary spending. The present article has the objective of contribute to the nursing care's quality, from management, implementation and results track's point of view. Concepts as adverse event's epidemiologic vigilance, nursing service's quality, following indicators, analysis, intervention and programs of intervention will be revised.