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Evidence of globular cluster abundance anomalies in the SMC intermediate-age cluster Kron 3
Indexado
WoS WOS:000835425300003
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85138603326
DOI 10.1093/MNRAS/STAC1724
Año 2022
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Using spectra obtained with the VLT/FORS2 and Gemini-S/GMOS-S instruments, we have investigated carbon, nitrogen, and sodium abundances in a sample of red giant members of the Small Magellanic Cloud star cluster Kron 3. The metallicity and luminosity of the cluster are comparable to those of Galactic globular clusters but it is notably younger (age approximate to 6.5 Gyr). We have measured the strengths of the CN and CH molecular bands, finding a bimodal CN band-strength distribution and a CH/CN anticorrelation. Application of spectrum synthesis techniques reveals that the difference in the mean [N/Fe] and [C/Fe] values for the CN-strong and CN-weak stars are Delta = 0.63 +/- 0.16 dex and Delta = -0.01 +/- 0.07 dex after applying corrections for evolutionary mixing. We have also measured sodium abundances from the Na D lines finding an observed range in [Na/Fe] of similar to 0.6 dex that correlates positively with the [N/Fe] values and a Delta = 0.12 +/- 0.12 dex. While the statistical significance of the sodium abundance difference is not high, the observed correlation between the Na and N abundances supports its existence. The outcome represents the first star-by-star demonstration of correlated abundance variations involving sodium in an intermediate-age star cluster. The results add to existing photometric and spectroscopic indications of the presence of multiple populations in intermediate-age clusters with masses in excess of similar to 10(5) M-circle dot. It confirms that the mechanism(s) responsible for the multiple populations in ancient globular clusters cannot solely be an early cosmological effect applying only in old clusters.

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Salgado, C. - Australian Natl Univ - Australia
Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción - Chile
The Australian National University - Australia
2 Costa, G. Hombre Australian Natl Univ - Australia
The Australian National University - Australia
3 Yong, D. Hombre Australian Natl Univ - Australia
The Australian National University - Australia
4 SALINAS-VENEGAS, RICARDO CRISTIAN Hombre Observatorio Gemini - Chile
Gemini ObservatorySouthern Operations Center - Chile
5 Norris, J. E. - Australian Natl Univ - Australia
The Australian National University - Australia
6 Mackey, Dougal Hombre Australian Natl Univ - Australia
The Australian National University - Australia
7 Marino, Anna Fabiola Mujer Osserv Astron Padova - Italia
Osserv Astrofis Arcetri - Italia
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
8 Milone, Antonino P. Hombre Osserv Astron Padova - Italia
Univ Padua - Italia
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova - Italia
Università degli Studi di Padova - Italia

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Financiamiento



Fuente
European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
European Southern Observatory under ESO programme
CONICYT, Chile, through its scholarships program CONICYT-BCH/Doctorado Extranjero
MIUR through the FARE project
MIUR through the PRIN program

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
The authors are grateful for the detailed comments of the anonymous referee on the original version of this manuscript. Based in part on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 095.D-0496. Also based in part on observations obtained at the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF's NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation on behalf of the Gemini Observatory partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog ' ia e Innovacion (Argentina), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). CS acknowledges support provided by CONICYT, Chile, through its scholarships program CONICYT-BCH/Doctorado Extranjero 2013-72140033. APM acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research innovation programme (Grant Agreement ERC-StG 2016, No 716082 'GALFOR', PI: Milone, http://progetti.dfa.unipd.it/GALFOR) and to the MIUR through the FARE project R164RM93XW SEMPLICE (PI: Milone) and the PRIN program 2017Z2HSMF (PI: Bedin).

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.