The research expects to present a didactic proposal of teaching and learning lexicon, to enhance with it, the language knowledge of linguistic competence of the students, in order to optimize their communicative competence. The theoretical background of this proposal lies on the language theory by Eugenio Coseriu; on the paradigmatic or the associative relationships of Ferdinand de Saussure, and on the lexical field theory from de Germain Structural Semantics. The theoretical support of this applied research consist in designing considering the linguistic theory indicated, a couple of learning units, with a strong didactic additive, that allows knowledge construction processes, in a learning context that considers type of student, type of teaching, type of evaluation and, of course, prior knowledge.