This article focuses on the multimodal construction of the historical testimonies about the Mapuche people included in official History textbooks for primary education in Chile. The objective of the study is to examine the representation and evaluation of the Mapuche people in the colonial period from a critical and multimodal perspective. This analysis is based on the theoretical and methodological approach of functional systemic semiotics and explores the verbal and visual historical testimonies, considering in a particular way the symbolic representation of the images and the verbal and visual value construction of the historical testimonies from the appraisal system. The most relevant results of this analysis show different levels of multimodal coherence between visual and verbal historical documents. Therefore, the verbal mode highlights, through an evaluative prosody of negative integrity, the naturalized vision of the Mapuche people as an inferior race, incapable and of little value and, therefore, enslaveable. Their ethical attributes and negative capacity also represent them as responsible for the abusive conditions to which they were subjected during the colony. The visual mode, on the contrary, rescues the warrior Mapuche, although it also gives prominence to evaluations of negative integrity, through epistemic and axiological icons that reinforce the ideologies of racialization and primitivization of a Mapuche people considered violent and backward.