The article addresses the question posed in one of the guiding questions of this dossier, namely, in what dimension did Latin American thinkers place the Eurocentric problem of Marxism? We consider the research of the theoretical levels in which this problem was identified and processed by two Latin American intellectuals, José Aricó and Oscar del Barco. Both elucidate this problem in dialogue with their political and theoretical contexts of enunciation, which allowed them to configure a solid critique of the doctrinal perspective of Marxism.