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Boccia in Paralympic Games: The evolution from 1984 to 2016 and future perspectives Boccia nos Jogos Paralímpicos: A evolução de 1984 a 2016 e perspetivas futuras Bocha en los Juegos Paralímpicos: La evolución de 1984 a 2016 y perspectivas futuras
Indexado
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85124024803
DOI 10.6018/CPD.492031
Año 2022
Tipo

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



This study aimed to analyze the participation in Boccia from 1984 to 2016 in Paralympic Games (PG) and envision future perspectives in the parasport. Data was obtained from official International Paralympic Committee webpage, from the first edition (1984) until 2016 and associated to athlete's classification, competitive format and number of played games, the number, nationality and gender of participants, and also the results. The number of athletes participating in PG has steadily increased between 1984 (19) and 2016 (106), the same was observed with relation to represented countries (1984 = 5 vs 2016 = 21) and medal countries (1984 = 5 vs 2012 and 2016 = 11). With respect to athletes' gender, an evident increase was observed, although not continuous throughout the PG editions (male 1984 = 11 vs 2016 = 73 / female 1984 = 8 vs 2016 = 33). Despite the total number of played games increased between 1984 (19) and 2016 (180), this has not been uniform, having even decreased between 2004 (252) and 2012 (161). This evidence is related to factors such as forms of qualification and competition format, that have changed over time, as well as classification system (BC4 was implement in 2004), and pairs and teams' format. It should also be highlighted that, in 1984 edition, PG were performed separating genders. Boccia is a developing parasport with several challenges, namely: i) the continuous increase in participants; ii) gender equally; iii) improvement of classification system; and iv) the competitions format to accommodate an increasing number of participants.

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
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Scopus
Applied Psychology
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Ferreira, C. - Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal - Portugal
Universidad de Extremadura - España
2 Gamonales, J. M. - Universidad de Extremadura - España
3 Aleluia, M. - Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal - Portugal
4 Oliveira, A. - Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal - Portugal
5 Pardana, F. - Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal - Portugal
6 Santos, F. - Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal - Portugal
Quality of Life Research Centre (CIEQV - Politécnico de Leiria) - Portugal
Universidade de Lisboa - Portugal
Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV-Leiria) - Portugal
Polytechnic Institute of Leiria - Portugal
7 Espada, M. - Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal - Portugal
Quality of Life Research Centre (CIEQV - Politécnico de Leiria) - Portugal
Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV-Leiria) - Portugal
Polytechnic Institute of Leiria - Portugal
8 Muñoz-Jiménez, J. - Universidad de Extremadura - España
Universidad Autónoma de Chile - Chile

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Financiamiento



Fuente
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
Fernando Santos and Mário Espada acknowledge the Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., Grant/Award Number UIDP/04748/2020.

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