Introduction: Collaboration between teachers and speech therapists enables an inclusive approach to special educational needs in the classroom. Despite the importance of collaborative work between both professionals, there is evidence that various barriers limit their development. The objective of this review is to identify the barriers that teachers and speech therapists have described for the development of collaborative work and to organize them following the ecological model. Method: A systematic review was carried out following the guidelines provided by PRISMA. We searched for scientific articles indexed in Web of Science, Proquest, Ebsco, Scopus. Keywords were used, selecting those studies that met the inclusion criteria. Results: The results show that there are barriers, distributed in three interconnected systems: micro, meso and macrosystem. Discussion and Conclusions: Possible actions that would facilitate the development of collaborative work are discussed. Those who are responsible for educational policy could consider the findings of this study, carrying out specific interventions in schools for educational inclusion and collaboration between teachers and speech therapists.