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The impacts on food purchases and tax revenues of a tax based on Chile's nutrient profiling model
Indexado
WoS WOS:000735299000095
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85120685153
DOI 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0260693
Año 2021
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Background In June 2016, Chile implemented the Law of Food Labelling and Advertising, which included a mandatory front-of-pack warning labels on food and beverages high in added sugar, saturated fat, sodium or energy density, restrictions on child-directed marketing and on the promotion and sales of these products in schools. The regulation does not include taxes although Chile had implemented a tiered tax on SSBs two years before this law was implemented. Therefore, the objective of the study was to simulate the impact of taxing food and beverages based on the cutoff’s points for warning labels on purchases and revenues. Methods We derived price elasticities using the linear approximation of the almost ideal demand system for six groups of labeled food and beverages (with a warning label based on the regulation) and unlabeled (with no warning label): 1) unlabeled beverages, 2) labeled beverages, 3) unlabeled cereal based products, 4) labeled cereal based products, 5) labeled meat and fish and 6) labeled sweet snacks and desserts. The study used data on household food beverage purchases from the Kantar WorldPanel Chile and Euromonitor sales to adjust the Kantar elasticity results to the national average. We estimated revenues under three tax scenarios for all labeled food and beverages: 10%, 20%, 30% of the final price excluding taxes. Results Except for labeled fish and meat, all food and beverage groups were price elastic. After accounting for a reduction in consumption after the taxes, economic and population growth, revenues for all groups could reach between 457 million USD to 1.3 billion USD. These results based on the much larger tax base of these labeled “high in added sugar, salt or saturated fat or energy density” foods and beverages is much larger. Conclusion This fiscal package could be implemented in countries with warning labels to enhance health and welfare. The Chilean warning label front-of-the-package system provides an important guide for countries considering policies to reduce diet-related non communicable diseases, including obesity. The fiscal policy impact alone, as shown here for Chile, will be highly impactful in reducing ultra-processed food intake and generating revenues.

Revista



Revista ISSN
P Lo S One 1932-6203

Métricas Externas



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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Biology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Arantxa Colchero, M. - Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. México - México
INST NACL SALUD PUBL - México
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública - México
2 PARAJE-PISONI, GUILLERMO Hombre Carolina Population Center - Estados Unidos
Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez - Chile
3 Popkin, Barry Hombre Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez - Chile
UNIV N CAROLINA - Estados Unidos

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Financiamiento



Fuente
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Bloomberg Philanthropies
Carolina Population Center NIH Center

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
Y Funding support comes from Bloomberg Philanthropies (www.bloomberg.org) with support also from the Carolina Population Center NIH Center grant (P2C HD0550924) The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors maintained independence from funders and all authors had access to statistical reports and tables of the study and can take responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the data. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.