This article analyzes the development of polemology. Its methodological contributions and explanatory approach to the phenomenon of war are countered with the new History of War's proposed historiographical perspective. Through an inductive analysis, the need to renew the interpretative perspective on the phenomenon of war is linked to the circumstances and motivations leading to the emergence of polemology. It proposes this all-important contribution as essential to developing the new History of War field study. Its results bolster the need to broaden the approach beyond the military sphere and overcome the political use of the History of War as a mere description of war-related events.