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| DOI | 10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2021.107052 | ||||
| Año | 2021 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
On September 16, 2015, a Mw 8.3 earthquake struck the north-central Chile coast, triggering a tsunami observed along 500 km of coastline, between Huasco (28.5°S) and San Antonio (33.5°S). This tsunami provided a unique opportunity to examine the nature of tsunami deposits in a semi-arid, siliciclastic environment where stratigraphic and sedimentological records of past tsunamis are difficult to distinguish. To improve our ability to identify such evidence, we targeted one of the few low-energy, organic-rich depositional environments in north-central Chile: Pachingo marsh in Tongoy Bay (30.3°S). We found sedimentary evidence of the 2015 and one previous tsunami as tabular sand sheets. Both deposits are composed of poorly to moderately sorted, gray-brown, fine-to medium-grained sand and are distinct from underlying and overlying organic-rich silt. Both sand beds thin (from ∼20 cm to <1 cm) and fine landward, and show normal grading. The older sand bed is thicker and extends over 125 m further inland than the 2015 tsunami deposit. To model the relative size of the tsunamis that deposited each sand bed, we employed tsunami flow inversion. Our results show that the older sand bed was produced by higher flow speeds and depths than those in 2015. Anthropogenic evidence along with 137Cs and 210Pb dating constrains the age of the older tsunami to the last ∼110 years. We suggest that the older sand bed was deposited by the large tsunami in 1922 CE sourced to the north of our study site. This deposit represents the first geologic evidence of a pre-2015 tsunami along the semi-arid north-central Chile coast and highlights the current and continuing tsunami hazard in the region.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DePaolis, Jessica M. | Mujer |
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University - Estados Unidos
VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV - Estados Unidos |
| 2 | Dura, Tina | Mujer |
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University - Estados Unidos
VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV - Estados Unidos |
| 3 | MacInnes, Breanyn | - |
Central Washington University - Estados Unidos
Cent Washington Univ - Estados Unidos |
| 4 | Ely, L. L. | Mujer |
Central Washington University - Estados Unidos
Cent Washington Univ - Estados Unidos |
| 5 | CISTERNAS-VEGA, MAURICIO ALEJANDRO | Hombre |
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso - Chile
|
| 6 | CARVAJAL-TOCORNAL, MARCELA ANDREA | Mujer |
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso - Chile
|
| 7 | Tang, Hui | - |
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) - Alemania
German Res Ctr Geosci - Alemania |
| 8 | Fritz, Hermann M. | Hombre |
Georgia Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos
Georgia Inst Technol - Estados Unidos College of Engineering - Estados Unidos |
| 9 | Mizobe, Cyntia | Mujer |
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso - Chile
|
| 10 | Wesson, Robert L. | Hombre |
United States Geological Survey - Estados Unidos
US GEOL SURVEY - Estados Unidos |
| 11 | Figueroa, Gino | Hombre |
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso - Chile
|
| 12 | Brennan, Nicole | Mujer |
University of Rhode Island - Estados Unidos
UNIV RHODE ISL - Estados Unidos The University of Rhode Island - Estados Unidos |
| 13 | Horton, Benjamin P. | Hombre |
Asian School of the Environment - Singapur
Earth Observatory of Singapore - Singapur Nanyang Technol Univ - Singapur |
| 14 | Pilarczyk, Jessica E. | Mujer |
Simon Fraser University - Canadá
Simon Fraser Univ - Canadá |
| 15 | Corbett, D. Reide | - |
East Carolina University - Estados Unidos
East Carolina Univ - Estados Unidos |
| 16 | Gill, Benjamin C. | Hombre |
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University - Estados Unidos
VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV - Estados Unidos |
| 17 | Weiss, Robert | Hombre |
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University - Estados Unidos
VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV - Estados Unidos |
| Fuente |
|---|
| National Science Foundation |
| Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico |
| FONDECYT-Chile |
| Canada Research Chair Program |
| Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada |
| National Science Foundation (NSF) |
| NSERC |
| Ministry of Education - Singapore |
| National Research Foundation Singapore |
| Canada Foundation for Innovation |
| Canada Research Chairs |
| U.S. government |
| Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund |
| CFI-JELF |
| Millennium Scientific Initiative of the Chilean government |
| Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centers of Excellence initiative |
| Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI-JELF) |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| We would like to extend our thanks to Trent Adams for his assistance with sample collection during fieldwork. T.D. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants EAR-1624795 and EAR-1624533, and L.E. and B.M. were supported by NSF award EAR-1624542. M.C. C.M, G.F. and M.Ca. were supported by the FONDECYT-Chile, project N° 1190258 and by the Millennium Scientific Initiative of the Chilean government through grant NC160025 “Millennium Nucleus CYCLO The Seismic Cycle Along Subduction Zones”. M.Ca acknowledges the support from FONDECYT-Chile, project N° 1181479. This work was supported by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI-JELF), Canada Research Chair Program, and an NSERC Discovery grant to JP. This is a contribution to the PALSEA (Palaeo-Constraints on Sea-Level Rise), a working group of the International Union for Quaternary Sciences (INQUA) and Past Global Changes (PAGES), and International Geoscience Program (IGCP) International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) Project 725 “Forecasting Coastal Change”. BPH is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund MOE2019-T3-1-004 and MOE2018-T2-1-030, and the National Research Foundation Singapore and the Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centers of Excellence initiative. This work comprises EOS contribution number 374. We would also like to thank Alan Nelson, Rob Witter, and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive critiques that helped improve this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. |
| We would like to extend our thanks to Trent Adams for his assistance with sample collection during fieldwork. T.D. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants EAR-1624795 and EAR-1624533, and L.E. and B.M. were supported by NSF award EAR-1624542. M.C. C.M, G.F. and M.Ca. were supported by the FONDECYT-Chile, project N? 1190258 and by the Millennium Scientific Initiative of the Chilean government through grant NC160025 ?Millennium Nucleus CYCLO The Seismic Cycle Along Subduction Zones?. M.Ca acknowledges the support from FONDECYT-Chile, project N? 1181479. This work was supported by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI-JELF), Canada Research Chair Program, and an NSERC Discovery grant to JP. This is a contribution to the PALSEA (Palaeo-Constraints on Sea-Level Rise), a working group of the International Union for Quaternary Sciences (INQUA) and Past Global Changes (PAGES), and International Geoscience Program (IGCP) International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) Project 725 ?Forecasting Coastal Change?. BPH is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund MOE2019-T3-1-004 and MOE2018-T2-1-030, and the National Research Foundation Singapore and the Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centers of Excellence initiative. This work comprises EOS contribution number 374. We would also like to thank Alan Nelson, Rob Witter, and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive critiques that helped improve this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. |
| We would like to extend our thanks to Trent Adams for his assistance with sample collection during fieldwork. T.D. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants EAR-1624795 and EAR-1624533, and L.E. and B.M. were supported by NSF award EAR-1624542. M.C., C.M, G.F., and M.Ca. were supported by the FONDECYT-Chile, project No 1190258 and by the Millennium Scientific Initiative of the Chilean government through grant NC160025 "Millennium Nucleus CYCLO The Seismic Cycle Along Subduction Zones". M.Ca acknowledges the support from FONDECYT-Chile, project N~ 1181479. This work was supported by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI-JELF), Canada Research Chair Program, and an NSERC Discovery grant to JP. This is a contribution to the PALSEA (Palaeo-Constraints on Sea-Level Rise), aworking group of the International Union for Quaternary Sciences (INQUA) and Past Global Changes (PAGES), and International Geoscience Program (IGCP) International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) Project 725 "Forecasting Coastal Change". BPH is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund MOE2019-T3-1-004 and MOE2018-T2-1-030, and the National Research Foundation Singapore and the Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centers of Excellence initiative. This work comprises EOS contribution number 374. We would also like to thank Alan Nelson, Rob Witter, and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive critiques that helped improve this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. |