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| DOI | 10.5194/NHESS-21-1785-2021 | ||||
| Año | 2021 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
Several magnetic measurements and theoretical developments from different research groups have shown certain relationships with worldwide geological processes. Secular variation in geomagnetic cutoff rigidity, magnetic frequencies, or magnetic anomalies have been linked with spatial properties of active convergent tectonic margins or earthquake occurrences during recent years. These include the rise in similar fundamental frequencies in the range of microhertz before the Maule 2010, Tohoku 2011, and Sumatra-Andaman 2004 earthquakes and the dramatic rise in the cumulative number of magnetic anomalous peaks before several earthquakes such as Nepal 2015 and Mexico (Puebla) 2017. Currently, all of these measurements have been physically explained by the microcrack generation due to uniaxial stress change in rock experiments. The basic physics of these experiments have been used to describe the lithospheric behavior in the context of the seismo-electromagnetic theory. Due to the dramatic increase in experimental evidence, physical mechanisms, and the theoretical framework, this paper analyzes vertical magnetic behavior close to the three latest main earthquakes in Chile: Maule 2010 (M-W 8.8), Iquique 2014 (M(W)( )8.2), and Illapel 2015 (M-W 8.3). The fast Fourier transform (FFT), wavelet transform, and daily cumulative number of anomalies methods were used during quiet space weather time during 1 year before and after each earthquake order to filter space influence. The FFT method confirms the rise in the power spectral density in the millihertz range 1 month before each earthquake, which decreases to lower values some months after earthquake occurrence. The cumulative anomaly method exhibited an increase prior to each Chilean earthquake (50-90 d prior to earthquakes) similar to those found for Nepal 2015 and Mexico 2017. The wavelet analyses also show similar properties to FFT analysis. However, the lack of physics-based constraints in the wavelet analysis does not allow conclusions that are as strong as those made by FFT and cumulative methods. By using these results and previous research, it could be stated that these magnetic features could give seismic information about impending events. Additionally, these results could be related to the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling (LAIC effect) and the growth of microcracks and electrification in rocks described by the seismo-electromagnetic theory.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cordaro, Enrique G. | Hombre |
Universidad de Chile - Chile
Universidad Autónoma de Chile - Chile |
| 2 | Venegas-Aravena, Patricio | Hombre |
Universidad de Chile - Chile
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile Centro Nacional de Investigacion para la Gestion Integrada de Desastres Naturales - Chile Centro de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres (CIGIDEN) - Chile |
| 3 | LAROZE-NAVARRETE, DAVID NICOLAS | Hombre |
Universidad de Tarapacá - Chile
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| Fuente |
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| Basal |
| ANID |
| BASAL/ANID financing, CEDENNA |
| Universidad de Chile and Universidad de Tarapacá |
| Agradecimiento |
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| This research has been supported by BASAL/ANID financing, grant no. AFB180001, CEDENNA. |
| Acknowledgements. The authors thank Luis Alberto Raggi (INCAS – Universidad de Chile) for their collaboration and support. The fluxgate magnetometer at Putre-Incas Observatories is partially supported by the Universidad de Chile and Universidad de Tarapacá. The LARC observatory receives support from the Chile– Italy collaboration via the Universidad de Chile and PNRA (Italy). We also thank INACH for partial support. The results presented in this paper rely on data collected at magnetic observatories. We thank the national institutes that support them and INTER-MAGNET for promoting high standards of magnetic observatory practice (https://www.intermagnet.org/, last access: 8 June 2021). David Laroze acknowledges financial support from BASAL/ANID financing, grant AFB180001, CEDENNA Enrique Guillermo Cor-daro acknowledges Marcela Larenas and Francesca Cordaro, Beat-riz Cordaro, and Enrique Cordaro for outstanding support to help carry out this work. Patricio Venegas-Aravena thanks Emilio Vera Sommer, Daniel Diaz Alvarado, and Sergio Ruiz Tapia (Geophysics Department, University of Chile) for their fruitful scientific support. |