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A faint companion around CrA-9: protoplanet or obscured binary?
Indexado
WoS WOS:000637320100100
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85105201702
DOI 10.1093/MNRAS/STAB480
Año 2021
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Understanding how giant planets form requires observational input from directly imaged protoplanets. We used VLT/NACO and VLT/SPHERE to search for companions in the transition disc of 2MASS J19005804-3645048 (hereafter CrA-9), an accreting M0.75 dwarf with an estimated age of 1-2Myr. We found a faint point source at similar to 0.7-arcsec separation from CrA-9 (similar to 108au projected separation). Our 3-epoch astrometry rejects a fixed background star with a 5 sigma significance. The near-IR absolute magnitudes of the object point towards a planetary-mass companion. However, our analysis of the 1.0-3.8m spectrum extracted for the companion suggests it is a young M5.5 dwarf, based on both the 1.13-mu m Na index and comparison with templates of the Montreal Spectral Library. The observed spectrum is best reproduced with high effective temperature (K) BT-DUSTY and BT-SETTL models, but the corresponding photometric radius required to match the measured flux is only Jovian radius. We discuss possible explanations to reconcile our measurements, including an M-dwarf companion obscured by an edge-on circum-secondary disc or the shock-heated part of the photosphere of an accreting protoplanet. Follow-up observations covering a larger wavelength range and/or at finer spectral resolution are required to discriminate these two scenarios.

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
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SciELO
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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Christiaens, Valentin Hombre MONASH UNIV - Australia
Monash University - Australia
2 Ubeira Gabellini, M. Mujer Univ Milan - Italia
Università degli Studi di Milano - Italia
3 Canovas, Hector Hombre Aurora Technol ESA ESAC - España
European Space Astronomy Centre - España
4 Delorme, P. Hombre Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Universite Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) - Francia
5 Pairet, B. - UCLouvain - Bélgica
Université catholique de Louvain - Bélgica
6 Absil, O. Hombre Universidad de Chile - Chile
7 CASASSUS-MONTERO, SIMON PABLO Hombre Univ Liege - Bélgica
Universite de Liege - Bélgica
8 Girard, J. H. Hombre Space Telescope Sci Inst - Estados Unidos
Space Telescope Science Institute - Estados Unidos
9 Zurlo, Alice Mujer Universidad Diego Portales - Chile
10 Aoyama, Y. - Tsinghua Univ - China
Tsinghua University - China
11 Marleau, G. -D. Hombre UNIV TUBINGEN - Alemania
Univ Bern - Suiza
Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen - Alemania
University of Bern - Suiza
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
12 Spina, Lorenzo Hombre Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - Italia
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova - Italia
INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova - Italia
13 van der Marel, N. Mujer Univ Victoria - Canadá
University of Victoria - Canadá
14 CIEZA-GONZALEZ, LUCAS ALEJO Hombre Universidad Diego Portales - Chile
15 Lodato, G. Hombre Univ Milan - Italia
Università degli Studi di Milano - Italia
16 PEREZ-MARQUEZ, SEBASTIAN Hombre Universidad de Santiago de Chile - Italia
Università degli Studi di Milano - Italia
17 Pinte, Christophe Hombre MONASH UNIV - Australia
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Monash University - Australia
Universite Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) - Francia
18 Price, Daniel Hombre MONASH UNIV - Australia
Monash University - Australia
19 Reggiani, M. Mujer Katholieke Univ Leuven - Bélgica
KU Leuven - Bélgica

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Financiamiento



Fuente
Australian Research Council
Swiss National Science Foundation
European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
Labex OSUG@2020 (Investissements d'avenir)
European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
French National Research Agency through the funding of the 'Origin of Life' project of the Univ. Grenoble-Alpes
Wallonia-Brussels Federation (grant for Concerted Research Actions)
German Science Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; DFG) priority program

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
We thank Matthias Schreiber andAlejandroMelo for sharing the data presented in Romero et al. (2012), Rebecca Jensen-Clem for suggesting the use of a criterion based on the autocorrelation time forMCMC convergence, and Julien Milli for useful discussions regarding the degree of polarization of companions. We acknowledge funding from the Australian Research Council via DP180104235, FT130100034, and FT170100040. Part of this work has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 819155), and by the Wallonia-Brussels Federation (grant for Concerted Research Actions). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 823823 (DUSTBUSTERS). G-DM acknowledges the support of the German Science Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; DFG) priority program SPP 1992 'Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets' (KU 2849/7-1) and from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant agreement No. BSSGI0 155816 `PlanetsInTime'. Parts of this work have been carried out within the framework of the NCCR PlanetS supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. PD acknowledges the support of the French National Research Agency in the framework of the Investissements d'Avenir program (ANR-15-IDEX-02), through the funding of the 'Origin of Life' project of the Univ. Grenoble-Alpes. This work has used the SPHERE Data Centre, jointly operated by OSUG/IPAG (Grenoble), PYTHEAS/LAM/CeSAM (Marseille), OCA/Lagrange (Nice), Observatoire de Paris/LESIA (Paris), and Observatoire de Lyon/CRAL, and supported by a grant from Labex OSUG@2020 (Investissements d'avenir -ANR10 LABX56). This work has used data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium).Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This work has used the Multimodal Australian ScienceS Imaging and Visualisation Environment (MASSIVE; www.massive.org.au).This research has benefited from the Montreal Brown Dwarf and Exoplanet Spectral Library, maintained by Jonathan Gagne.

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