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Star formation in 'the Brick': ALMA reveals an active protocluster in the Galactic centre cloud G0.253+0.016
Indexado
WoS WOS:000641987400006
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85105234254
DOI 10.1093/MNRAS/STAB415
Año 2021
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



G0.253+0.016, aka 'the Brick', is one of the most massive (>10(5) M-circle dot) and dense (>10(4) cm(-3)) molecular clouds in the Milky Way's Central Molecular Zone. Previous observations have detected tentative signs of active star formation, most notably a water maser that is associated with a dust continuum source. We present ALMA Band 6 observations with an angular resolution of 0.13 arcsec (1000 AU) towards this 'maser core' and report unambiguous evidence of active star formation within G0.253+0.016. We detect a population of eighteen continuum sources (median mass similar to 2 M-circle dot), nine of which are driving bi-polar molecular outflows as seen via SiO (5-4) emission. At the location of the water maser, we find evidence for a protostellar binary/multiple with multidirectional outflow emission. Despite the high density of G0.253+0.016, we find no evidence for high-mass protostars in our ALMA field. The observed sources are instead consistent with a cluster of low-to-intermediate-mass protostars. However, the measured outflow properties are consistent with those expected for intermediate-to-high-mass star formation. We conclude that the sources are young and rapidly accreting, and may potentially form intermediate- and high-mass stars in the future. The masses and projected spatial distribution of the cores are generally consistent with thermal fragmentation, suggesting that the large-scale turbulence and strong magnetic field in the cloud do not dominate on these scales, and that star formation on the scale of individual protostars is similar to that in Galactic disc environments.

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Walker, Daniel L. Hombre Univ Connecticut - Estados Unidos
Natl Astron Observ Japan - Japón
Atacama Large Millimeter Array - Chile
University of Connecticut - Estados Unidos
National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan - Japón
Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array - Chile
2 Longmore, S. N. Hombre Liverpool John Moores Univ - Reino Unido
Liverpool John Moores University - Reino Unido
3 Bally, John Hombre UNIV COLORADO - Estados Unidos
University of Colorado Boulder - Estados Unidos
4 Ginsburg, Adam Hombre UNIV FLORIDA - Estados Unidos
University of Florida - Estados Unidos
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences - Estados Unidos
5 Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik - Heidelberg Univ - Alemania
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg - Alemania
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut - Alemania
6 Zhang, Qizhou Hombre Ctr Astrophys Harvard & Smithsonian - Estados Unidos
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics - Estados Unidos
7 Henshaw, Jonathan Hombre Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
8 Lu, Xing - Natl Astron Observ Japan - Japón
9 Alves, J. - Univ Vienna - Austria
Harvard University - Estados Unidos
Universität Wien - Austria
Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study - Estados Unidos
10 Barnes, A. T. Mujer UNIV BONN - Alemania
Universität Bonn - Alemania
11 Battersby, C. Mujer Univ Connecticut - Estados Unidos
University of Connecticut - Estados Unidos
12 Beuther, H. Hombre Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
13 Contreras, Y. - Leiden Univ - Países Bajos
Leiden Observatory Research Institute - Países Bajos
Sterrewacht Leiden - Países Bajos
14 Gomez, Laura Mujer Atacama Large Millimeter Array - Chile
Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array - Chile
15 Ho, Luis C. Hombre Peking Univ - China
16 Jackson, James M. Hombre NASA - Estados Unidos
NASA Ames Research Center - Estados Unidos
17 Kauffmann, Jens Hombre MIT - Estados Unidos
MIT Haystack Observatory - Estados Unidos
18 Mills, Elisabeth A. C. Mujer UNIV KANSAS - Estados Unidos
University of Kansas - Estados Unidos
19 Pillai, T. G. S. - BOSTON UNIV - Estados Unidos
Boston University - Estados Unidos

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Financiamiento



Fuente
National science foundation of China
National Science Foundation
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
JSPS KAKENHI
German Research Foundation (DFG)
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme
European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG
European Research Council under the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme via the ERC Consolidator grant

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2016.1.00949.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic ofKorea), in cooperationwith the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. DLW and CB gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation under Award No. 1816715. AG acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under grant number 2008101. JMDK gratefully acknowledges funding from the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the form of an Emmy Noether Research Group (grant number KR4801/1-1) and from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG (grant agreement number 714907). ATB would like to acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme (grant agreement number 726384/Empire). LCH was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2016YFA0400702) and the National Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 11721303 and 11991052). HB acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme via the ERC Consolidator grant CSF-648505. HB also acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft via SFB 881, `The Milky Way System' (subproject B1). XL acknowledges the financial support by JSPS KAKENHI grants numbers 18K13589 and 20K14528. The authors thank Antoine Gusdorf for their helpful discussion concerning the SiO abundances in this region. The authors thank the anonymous referee for their comments, which improved the quality and clarity of this manuscript.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.