To know the current and future water use facilitates decision making about its correct allocation. This becomes relevant in areas of water scarcity, such as Mendoza (Argentina) a region suitable for the wine industry. There, the vine hectares occupy about 66% of the total cultivated area, the wine industry represents 28% of industries in the province and 54% of the food industry. The objectives of this paper are: to estimate the volume of water used in the production of the wine sector for each basin, build scenarios of water use efficiency and to promote actions involving resource saving. Water demand in agriculture is estimated for each basin, from data of cultivated hectares, irrigation efficiencies, water requirement and the proportion of irrigated acres with surface water and groundwater. Industrial water demand is calculated for each basin from input/output coefficients and wine production data. Currently, water demand of the wine chain is 2,286 hm(3)/year. Improvements in infrastructure irrigation canals and in water use of wineries decrease to 1,920 hm(3)/year. Adopting further generalization of modern irrigation methods, consumption would be 1,533 hm(3) / year.