The main objective of this research is to show the link between history and fiction into the Antoine Montagne's novel Los Superhomos (1963) belonging to the Chilean science fiction narrative of the twentieth century. A descriptive-analytic focus is used to approach to the text and the critical discourse to its social, political, and historical context. At the same time, this novel configures a dystopian space, questions the power spheres and fictionalizes the political history of the world in order to build anticipations about those elements that the author considers harmful for social development. These features allow speculate on the future of a humanity based on the progress of science and technology.