The article presents critical elements that characterize the functioning of the school in the Mapuche territory from the reflection along Mapuche communities' members that play familiar, social and political roles. The research's methodology is located in the education anthropology, which has worked in favor of a qualitative approximation of the study's object. The results show access difficulties to school, educational projects profile questionings, asymmetrical school-family power relationship establishments and the prevalence of a de-territorialized education. It is concluded that these elements tension the political processes creation destined to favor the free Mapuche society educational determination.y