This paper has as a general objective to analyze and characterize the international condition of the People's Republic of China, from the beginning of the 21st century to the present. The study goes from the entrance of China to the World Trade Organization -OMC- (December 2001) to the current presidency of Xi Jinping (started in 2013). To achieve this goal, we have specifically set out: a) to describe the historical background of this process since the death of Mao Zedong and the reforms promoted by Deng Xiaoping; b) examine and characterize the main elements of China's recent evolution in the international context, focusing on its global economic relations, its military development and its foreign policy.