The article consists of an analysis of the constitution, legitimization and changes of elite schools in Chile. By Pierre Bourdieu's theory, this analysis is carried out based on a review of literature and documents about the country's education system and elites, giving account of the internal and external dynamics of the educational field, which made possible the constitution, legitimacy and changes in these schools. We observe the existence of a paradox between certain an atmosphere of concern for reducing school social segregation and these dynamics of the field and of the elites that operate towards the constitution of a group of institutions that generate dynamics of segregation.