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Tectonic setting of Cretaceous porphyry copper deposits of northern Chile (28°-30° S) and its relations with magmatic evolution and metallogeny
Indexado
WoS WOS:000582790700001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85092694892
SciELO S0718-71062020000300469
DOI 10.5027/ANDGEOV47N3-3035
Año 2020
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



ABSTRACT Cretaceous porphyry copper deposits of northern Chile (28°-29°30’ S) are genetically related with dacitic to dioritic porphyries and they represent a still poorly-explored target for Cu resources. The porphyries correspond to stocks distributed into two separated discontinuous NS trending belts of different age. The location of these porphyries is generally adjacent to orogen-parallel major fault systems that extend along the studied segment and also have a marked temporal relationship with deformation events registered along these structures. A first episode of Cu-bearing porphyry emplacement took place between 116 and 104 Ma (Mina Unión or Frontera, Cachiyuyo, Punta Colorada, Dos Amigos, Tricolor porphyries). These Early Cretaceous dacite to diorite porphyries are spatially associated with the eastern segments of the Atacama Fault System, which records sinistral transpression that started at 121 Ma producing ground uplift, consequent denudation and exhumation of the Early Cretaceous magmatic arc. This resulted in a change from marine to continental deposition with an angular unconformity in the site of the back-are basin after of eastward migration of the deformation around 112-110 Ma. At the scale of the continental margin, this deformation is correlated with early stage of the Mochica Orogenic event described in Perú. A second episode of Cu-bearing porphyry emplacement occurred between 92 and 87 Ma (Elisa, Johana, Las Campanas and La Verde deposits), which are spatially and temporally associated with the regional-scale Las Cañas-El Torito reverse fault, active between 89 and 84 Ma, during the Peruvian Orogenic Phase. This fault up thrust to the west part of the Chañarcillo Group rocks (Lower Cretaceous) over the younger upper levels of the Cerrillos Formation (Upper Cretaceous). The integrated geological mapping and geochemical data of the Early to Late Cretaceous volcanic rocks indicates that both Early Cretaceous sinistral transpression and Late Cretaceous east-west compression were not significant in promote changes in magma genesis, except for slight changes in trace element ratios (increase in Th/Ta, Nb/Ta and La/Yb) suggesting that the Late Cretaceous deformation event produced only slightly increase in crustal thickness (>40 km), but far from being comparable to major Cenozoic orogenic phases, at least along the magmatic arc to back-arc domains in the study area. Finally, our study give insights about regional geological parameters that can be used as a first order guide for exploration of Cu resources along Cretaceous magmatic belts of northern Chile, where both Early and Late Cretaceous Cu-bearing porphyry intrusions are restricted to a large structural block bounded to the west and east by Cretaceous fault systems.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Andean Geology 0718-7106

Métricas Externas



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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Geology
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Scopus
Geology
Geochemistry And Petrology
Stratigraphy
Paleontology
SciELO
Exact And Earth Sciences

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Creixell, Christian Hombre Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería - Chile
2 Fuentes, Javier Hombre Private Consultans - Chile
3 Bierma, Hessel Hombre Private Consultans - Chile
4 SALAZAR-PEREZ, ESTEBAN FIDEL Hombre Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería - Chile

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Financiamiento



Fuente
FNDR
FNDR Project
PNG Project (Plan Nacional de Geologia)

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
Most of the field observations were made during development of geological cartography programs of SERNAGEOMIN, funded by FNDR Project No BIP30068454-0 and PNG Project (Plan Nacional de Geologia). The authors wish to thank J. Bustamante for geochemical analyses and R. Tello and H. Neira for their assistance in the field. We thank valuable comments on this paper by V. Maksaev and F. Henriquez. T. Bissig also made suggestions on a previous version of the manuscript. This work is part of the Postgraduate Thesis of the second author (J. Fuentes), and he wishes to thanks to the Postgraduate Program in Economic Geology from Universidad Catolica del Norte.
Most of the field observations were made during development of geological cartography programs of SERNAGEOMIN, funded by FNDR Project Nº BIP30068454-0 and PNG Project (Plan Nacional de Geología). The authors wish to thank J. Bustamante for geochemical analyses and R. Tello and H. Neira for their assistance in the field. We thank valuable comments on this paper by V. Maksaev and F. Henríquez. T. Bissig also made suggestions on a previous version of the manuscript. This work is part of the Postgraduate Thesis of the second author (J. Fuentes), and he wishes to thanks to the Postgraduate Program in Economic Geology from Universidad Católica del Norte.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.