The article proposes a necessary review on the degradation of the environment and how it has become relevant over recent decades due to the consequences in our societies. A critical diagnosis is made about the modern reason and its civilizational-occidental history as part of a problem that has been tried to be elucidated in a number of ways but which, ultimately, creates difficulties for the entire globe. This article is committed to a reflection from the social sciences to position guidelines that project a different perspective: A “Political ecology” that attempts to outline the construction of a new environmental rationality and diminish the effects of the cumulative logic of capitalism.