Since the second half of the 20th century, «popular religion» has been a determining factor in the sociocultural processes of Latin America. Therefore, this topic has been largely treated in magisterial documents and Latin American theologies since the '60s, being progressively appreciated as a medium of the transmission of faith. In this article, the terms «popular religion» and «popular piety» are questioned, in order to suggest a theological- fundamental perspective of analysis of this phenomenon, highlighting its crucial role in the processes of the transmission of faith and the forms through which it is expressed.