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Dynamic Observing and Tiling Strategies for the DESI Legacy Surveys
| Indexado |
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| DOI | 10.3847/1538-3881/AB93B9 | ||||
| Año | 2020 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
Abstract
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Legacy Surveys, a combination of three ground-based imaging surveys, have mapped 16,000 deg(2)in three optical bands (g,r, andz) to a depth 1-2 mag deeper than the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our work addresses one of the major challenges of wide-field imaging surveys conducted at ground-based observatories: the varying depth that results from varying observing conditions at Earth-bound sites. To mitigate these effects, the Legacy Surveys (the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey, or DECaLS; the Mayallz-band Legacy Survey, or MzLS; and the Beiijing-Arizona Sky Survey, or BASS) employed a unique strategy to dynamically adjust the exposure times as rapidly as possible in response to the changing observing conditions. We present the tiling and observing strategies used by the first two of these surveys. We demonstrate that the tiling and dynamic observing strategies jointly result in a more uniform-depth survey that has higher efficiency for a given total observing time compared with the traditional approach of using fixed exposure times.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Burleigh, Kaylan J. | - |
UNIV CALIF BERKELEY - Estados Unidos
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab - Estados Unidos University of California, Berkeley - Estados Unidos Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Estados Unidos Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory - Estados Unidos |
| 2 | Landriau, Martin | Hombre |
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab - Estados Unidos
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Estados Unidos Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory - Estados Unidos |
| 3 | Dey, Arjun | Hombre |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Estados Unidos
NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory - Estados Unidos NOIRLab - Estados Unidos |
| 4 | Lang, Dustin | Hombre |
Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys - Canadá
Univ Waterloo - Canadá Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics - Canadá University of Waterloo - Canadá |
| 5 | Schlegel, David | Hombre |
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab - Estados Unidos
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Estados Unidos Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory - Estados Unidos |
| 6 | Nugent, Peter | Hombre |
UNIV CALIF BERKELEY - Estados Unidos
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab - Estados Unidos University of California, Berkeley - Estados Unidos Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Estados Unidos Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory - Estados Unidos |
| 7 | Blum, Robert | Hombre |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Estados Unidos
NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory - Estados Unidos NOIRLab - Estados Unidos |
| 8 | Findlay, Joseph R. | Hombre |
UNIV WYOMING - Estados Unidos
University of Wyoming - Estados Unidos College of Engineering and Physical Sciences - Estados Unidos |
| 9 | Finkbeiner, Doug | Hombre |
Harvard University - Estados Unidos
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics - Estados Unidos Harvard Univ - Estados Unidos |
| 10 | Herrera, David | Hombre |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Estados Unidos
NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory - Estados Unidos NOIRLab - Estados Unidos |
| 11 | Honscheid, K. | Hombre |
OHIO STATE UNIV - Estados Unidos
The Ohio State University - Estados Unidos |
| 12 | Juneau, S. | Mujer |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Estados Unidos
NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory - Estados Unidos NOIRLab - Estados Unidos |
| 13 | McGreer, Ian | Hombre |
UNIV ARIZONA - Estados Unidos
The University of Arizona - Estados Unidos |
| 14 | Meisner, Aaron | Hombre |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Estados Unidos
NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory - Estados Unidos NOIRLab - Estados Unidos |
| 15 | Moustakas, John | Hombre |
Siena Coll - Estados Unidos
Siena College - Estados Unidos |
| 16 | Myers, Adam D. | Hombre |
UNIV WYOMING - Estados Unidos
University of Wyoming - Estados Unidos |
| 17 | Patej, A. | Mujer |
Stanford Law Sch - Estados Unidos
Stanford Law School - Estados Unidos |
| 18 | Schlafly, Edward | Hombre |
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab - Estados Unidos
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Estados Unidos |
| 19 | Valdes, F. | Hombre |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Estados Unidos
NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory - Estados Unidos NOIRLab - Estados Unidos |
| 20 | WALKER, ALISTAIR | Hombre |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Chile
Cerro Tololo Inter American Observatory - Chile |
| 21 | Weaver, Benjamin A. | Hombre |
NSFs Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab - Estados Unidos
NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory - Estados Unidos |
| 22 | Yeche, Christophe | Hombre |
CEA - Francia
CEA Saclay - Francia |
| 23 | DECaLS Team | Corporación | |
| 24 | MzLS Team | Corporación | |
| 25 | BASS Team | Corporación |
| Fuente |
|---|
| National Science Foundation |
| Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro |
| Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico |
| University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign |
| Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft |
| Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos |
| Chinese National Natural Science Foundation |
| U.S. Department of Energy |
| U.S. National Science Foundation |
| Ohio State University |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
| University of Portsmouth |
| University of Chicago |
| Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom |
| University of Cambridge |
| University of Michigan |
| National Astronomical Observatories of China |
| Ministry of Science and Education of Spain |
| Higher Education Funding Council for England |
| National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign |
| Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago |
| Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University |
| Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University |
| Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao |
| Argonne National Laboratory |
| University College London |
| University of Edinburgh |
| Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich |
| Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory |
| Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC) |
| Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies |
| Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen |
| University of Nottingham |
| University of Pennsylvania |
| SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory |
| University of Sussex |
| Texas AM University |
| University of California at Santa Cruz |
| Stanford University |
| DES-Brazil Consortium |
| U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics |
| Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas |
| Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid |
| Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy |
| U.S. National Science Foundation, Division of Astronomical Sciences |
| U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
| Excellence Cluster Universe |
| Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance |
| Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy |
| Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey |
| Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo |
| External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
| Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS; NOAO) |
| Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS; NOAO) |
| Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS; NOAO) |
| Chinese Academy of Sciences (the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" grant) |
| National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility |
| NSF's Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| The Legacy Surveys consist of three individual and complementary projects: the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS; NOAO Proposal ID no. 2014B-0404; PIs: D. Schlegel and A. Dey), the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS; NOAO Proposal ID no. 2015A-0801; PIs: Z. Xu and X. Fan), and the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS; NOAO Proposal ID no. 2016A-0453; PI: A.D.). DECaLS, BASS, and MzLS together include data obtained, respectively, at the Blanco telescope, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NSF's OIR Lab), the Bok telescope, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, and the Mayall telescope, Kitt Peak National Observatory, NSF's OIR Lab. The Legacy Surveys project is honored to be permitted to conduct astronomical research on Iolkam Du'ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain with particular significance to the Tohono O'odham Nation. This project used data obtained with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), which was constructed by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) collaboration. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the NSF's Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, the University of Nottingham, the Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, and Texas A&M University. BASS is a key project of the Telescope Access Program (TAP), which has been funded by the National Astronomical Observatories of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" grant no. XDB09000000), and the Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance. The BASS is also supported by the External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. 114A11KYSB20160057), and Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (grant no. 11433005). The Legacy Survey team makes use of data products from the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE), which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. NEOWISE is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The work of E.F.S. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Legacy Surveys imaging of the DESI footprint is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH1123, by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility under the same contract, and by the U.S. National Science Foundation, Division of Astronomical Sciences under Contract No. AST-0950945 to NSF's OIR Lab. A.D.M. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under Award Number DE-SC0019022. J.M. gratefully acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics under Award Number DE-SC002008, and from the National Science Foundation under grant AST-1616414. |
| This project used data obtained with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), which was constructed by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) collaboration. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the NSF's Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, the University of Nottingham, the Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, and Texas A&M University. |
| BASS is a key project of the Telescope Access Program (TAP), which has been funded by the National Astronomical Observatories of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" grant no. XDB09000000), and the Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance. The BASS is also supported by the External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. 114A11KYSB20160057), and Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (grant no. 11433005). |
| The Legacy Survey team makes use of data products from the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE), which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. NEOWISE is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The work of E.F.S. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. |
| This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. |
| The Legacy Surveys imaging of the DESI footprint is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH1123, by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility under the same contract, and by the U.S. National Science Foundation, Division of Astronomical Sciences under Contract No. AST-0950945 to NSF's OIR Lab. |
| A.D.M. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under Award Number DE-SC0019022. |
| J.M. gratefully acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics under Award Number DE-SC002008, and from the National Science Foundation under grant AST-1616414. |
