Adolescent pregnancy is an important public health issue associated with negative biological, psychological and social consequences for the mother and the child. One of the main risks adolescent mothers are particularly vulnerable to postpartum depression. Literature on postpartum depression is broad, but studies regarding the phenomenon in adolescent mothers are scarce, and come mostly from developed countries. In Chile there are no published studies centred on postpartum depression in adolescents. Therefore, this article aims to describe the main international and national findings on the prevalence, risk factors, consequences and management of postpartum depression in general, and in adolescents in particular, with the goal of strengthening the knowledge of professionals caring for adolescent mothers in mental health, obstetric and pediatric services.