Twelve species of Neogene decapod crustaceans are described from late Miocene and early Pliocene deposits in the Valdivia, Osomo-Llanquihue, and Chiloé basins as well as from Mocha Island, offshore from the Temuco Basin, southern Chile. New species of thalassinideans include Ctenocheles notialis and Axianassa? chilensis. Axianassa Schmitt, 1924, has not been reported previously in the fossil record. New species of brachyurans include Trichopeltarion frassinetti. Pirulella antipodea, Chaceon quadrata, Geryon manningi, Phenophthalmus mochaensis, and Chasmocarcinus chiloeensis. Pirulella and Phenophthalmus are new genera and Geryon Krøyer, 1837, is noted in the fossil record for the first time. Extant congeners are primarily known from lower latitude regions. Only Chaceon Manning and Holthuis, 1989, is known from the Chilean coast at present.