The first coins minted in Peru during the 16th century, arose as an attempt for regulating the commercial practices in the Viceroyalty. Nevertheless, these Reales achieved little efficiency and traffic, falling into des-use after a few years. However, the type and the design of these coins, as well as the efforts undertaken for their coinage, show an intention of the authorities that surpasses the economic sphere reaching political purposes. The present article proposes to study the history of the first monetary coinages in Peru, in order to find in its symbols the imperial will of the colonial Peruvian world.