The article examines the evolution and development of the relations of the state of Chile (Hispanic and Chilean) with the Mapuche people have acquired through various historical cycles, with an emphasis on the period of post-Chilean military occupation of La Araucanía. Throughout the text, reference is made to the main milestones marking that relationship, revealing the images and stereotypes built around the Mapuche. Finally, the author concludes that the relationship, in every age, has been mediated by racist bias as well as by the prevailing political and economic model in Chile.