The main objective of this work is to determine the variables of effects generated by the earthquake that had an influence on academic performance among students at the five main urban centers in the Maule region of Chile, through a Logit ordinal type model using discrete multiplechoice tests. The results of the research indicate that the most significant variables to explain variations in academic performance are: a student's change of attitude regarding study, a change in the family relationship, a change in the number of home study hours imposed by the student's parent, a change in the teacher's relationship with the student and a change in the conditions of the school building. The changes in these variables were negative, implying that the students' academic performance tended to worsen. This is valid considering only those variables associated with the effect of the earthquake.