This article attempts to show a general perspective about the changes experienced by Social Science in Chile between 1970 and 2000. The analysis approaches the relation between Social Science and the political, economic and social changes, in the national and global structure, during this period. The main hypothesis proposes that the interpretative approaches used by Social Science in Chile had changed in relation to the triad composed by Economy - State - Civil Society. Thereby, these changes are results of the structural transformations realized during the Military Dictatorship (1973-1989) and consolidated during the governments of the Coalition of Parties for Democracy (1990-2006).