At the juncture between geography, archeology and ethno-history, this article on the « geographicity » of Incan culture in the pre-Hispanic Andes focuses on the section of the main road, which crossed the Apurimaq valley, not far from Cuzco in the central Andes. The area around the bridge that crosses the river was associated with a mythical Incan figure. The myth specifies the perception of the landscape experienced by travelers on this road in an environment that was « territorialized » in its double dimension, material and ideal. The story about the wak'a of the Apurimaq River sheds light on the symbolic and practical dimensions of Incan territoriality. In a civilization endowed with a premodern science of geography without cartography, myths, landscape architecture and ritual movements were the pillars of systems of representation and of a geographical « struc-turation » of the territory.