This article is part of a development project of systematic collective reflection of the teachers, which has three stages: before, during and after an intervention. We report only the initial phase of observation and recording meetings of the teachers in La Serena. Observations with the aim to study the subjective theory of the problems that arise in the teaching work lasted three months. How the teachers pose in front of their everyday problems and possible solutions for them are discussed. Through this analysis it was possible to theorize about the importance of the role of teachers and what would be the factors hindering and facilitating professional development of teachers.