The caregivers of children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery are under stress due to the uncertainty of the surgical outcome and the stressful experience of being admitted in an intensive care unit. The current review describes the factors associated with parental stress in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. These factors can be grouped into factors related to the patient, the parents, the environment and the clinical team. The loss of the parental role, the physical appearance and the child's behavior during their stay in the intensive care unit are identified as the most powerful sources of stress. An information program to be given to the caregivers before cardiac surgery should include all these factors as a central part of its contents, should significantly reduce the levels of parental stress and must be included in the process of admitting a patient for congenital heart surgery.