The internal and external quality assurance processes of the institutional management in Chilean universities are studied, in the context of institutional accreditation. Contents regarding the management of the opinions of the National Commission of Accreditation, the improvement plans contained in the Self-evaluation Report of each university were analyzed, in each process, having as reference the strategic plans of institutional development and the perception of internal actors, in relation to the internal management and the results of the processes of institutional accreditation. The plans of management institutional improvement were more general and indicated fewer weaknesses than the opinions of the accreditation agency. The perception of the internal actors is satisfactory and without differences between universities. A moderate degree of consistency between the results of the internal and external processes of quality assurance is shown. The results are discussed based on the tendencies in the processes of quality assurance of universities world-wide and of the national policies in relation to this subject.