Introduction: It has been established that there are electrical forces that have the capacity to damage the tooth structure generating decalcification. The aim is to demonstrate that the electrochemical model can explained the dissolution of tooth enamel, through the application of a constant potential, in order to register electric current, liberation from Ca2+ and to evaluate surface damage tooth enamel. Material and method: In vitro study on 32 third molars without caries, randomly divided into two groups immersed in a buffer of lactic-lactate solution. Group 1 underwent +1.5 V potential and Group 2 was allowed to evolve spontaneously over time. Ca2+ released (mg) was quantified through an atomic absorption spectrophotometer to set the average concentration per group. Means were compared using Wilcoxon statistical test Mann-Whitney using the Stata v.11.2 program. Also an evaluation of surface damage tooth enamel technique optical and electron microscopy was performed. Results: We recorded non-zero current on all teeth undergoing potential +1.5 V. The release of Ca2+ between groups showed higher median liberation from Ca2+ in the Electrolysis group (12.3 [IQR = 4.5 to 18 2] vs. 6.5 [IQR= 3.7 to 15.4]) and observed under stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope, further destruction is displayed in group 1. Discussion: The results allow to bear out the hypothesis, it has been found an empirical evidence regarding the electrochemical behavior of the degradation process of tooth enamel.