This paper analyzes some aspects of the Chilean Popular Front's cultural development (1938-1941) from an identity perspective. As a part of the Popular Front's political project, the coalition elaborated a discourse, which based its legitimacy as a representative of popular classes, and raised the need for several sociopolitical reforms. This assumed a parallel in cultural matters, as a stage of symbolic elaboration that gave sense to those political changes. Nevertheless, that articulation was not exempt of contradictions, as we observe the role that the traditional space of the central valley and the hacienda played in those national and identity representations.