This article provides an overview of the feminization of research in mathematics in Chile and a research program that advances the sociological study of this scientific field. The first part reviews the feminist theories about the history of science and the state of the art in sociology of mathematics. The second part gives a first glimpse on the place of women in mathematics in Chile, through the analysis of men-women distribution and faculties relative position in eleven mathematics departments in Concepción, Santiago, Talca and Valparaíso. The conclusion shows the axis of the proposed research program: mapping the field of mathematics in order to define the dominant players and positions, as well as the networks that underlie these positions; and a reconstruction of the career path of women mathematicians that shows the steps that women had to overcome to be inserted in this field.