The present essay has as context the worsening of the conflict between Mapuche communities and the State in the regions of Araucanía and Los Ríos, which accounts for a lack of a theoretical framework for an adequate reading of this struggle that allows the State to elaborate public policies that let us find a way of peaceful and legitimate solution. From the above, this essay seeks to argue about the relevance of applying the theory of recognition of Axel Honneth in order to review the model of social justice that serves as framework for the design of public policies in relation to this original people.