Child abuse is a relevant subject in our country. In the last years, we have observed an unfrequent, but not less important, abuse presentation denominated Shaken Baby Syndrome. This entity, described around 30 years ago, has been part of many studies that allow a better understanding of this pathology. The most frequent injuries described are subdural and retinal hemorrhages, generally without other visible injuries and an inconsistent or changing clinical history over time. Family legal courts recently established in Chile try to solve in an efficient form certain matters; among them child abuse is a high-priority subject. This article reviews the principal medical aspects of this form of aggression and guide the legal procedure in case of child abuse