Background: Teaching guidelines and the paediatrics exercise must function according to health requirements of the population and country politics. Objective: Determine the Paediatrics Residency Program (PFEP) from Chile University adaptation level to epidemiological requirements and Chilean Health System. Method: Qualitative and interpretive study, performed between November 2006 and January 2007, where key persons were interviewed (6 residents, 6 graduates and 8 leaders) about the main problems and emphases of PFEP and its adaptation to the paediatricians job offer. The results obtained were validated by 5 leaders. Results: The interviewed people considered essential to readapt PFEP to epidemiological reality and paediatricians job offer. The main emphasis of PFEP focus on high complexity hospital clinical medicine, opposite to ambulatory working fields or developmental paediatrics and emergency units. The major problems were lack of time and teachers, big amount of job and change resistance. Conclusion: It is vital to readjust PFEP of Chile University to Chilean epidemiological reality and work opportunities