The aim of this work was to assess the evolution of the food situation in Chile between 1964 and 2003. Food balance sheets (FAO), household survey of budget expenses (National Institute of Statistics) and quality of life and health survey (Health Ministry) were analysed. The dietary energy supply rose from 2,630 kcal/day/person in 1965 to 2,872 kcal/day/person in 2003. The amount of meat available for human consumption increased 20,6% between 1995 and 2003, but there was a decrease in fish/seafood (-33,3%) and fruits (-20,6%)availability. The intake of fat rose 50,5% between 1988 and 1997; household food expenses increased 31,1%, while its weight on total household expenses decreased 18,5%. This nutritional profile could explain the high prevalence of overweight/obesity and non-communicable chronic diseases observed in Chile. The modification of household food expenses also suggests an improvement in household income. Some opportunities and challenges for intervention in the Chilean population are proposed