The first schools built from the middle of the 18th century until the beginning of the 19th century in Araucania, were born at the expense of complex processes of coexistence and domination. Therefore, they are revealing of the beliefs and contradictions of those who participated in its development. The purpose of this study is to present some background and information about these schools, their inhabitants, and the stories that occurred during the missionary and state impulses to civilize the indigenous people. This could be useful for the better communication and understanding of this space and its inhabitants.