The following article is based on a bibliographic compilation regarding the consequences that the urban expansion brought itself to the city of Chillan towards the peri-urban and rural areas from the sustainability. From this perspective, it is analysed the growth dynamics from the nineties to the present. The conclusions obtained from the consulted authors, evidencing that the city of Chillan has experimented a very complex growing due to the demographic increase volume, in which the geographic structure have changed, where the rural area it has been threatened from diverse perspectives. The adoption of this lineal economic model and the poorly regulated real state grow, it explains one of the causes of high quality (Class I and II) land use, the dangers and the challenges that it entails. Decreasing the economic productivity in the area, displaying at the same time a fragility regarding waste and polluting sources