Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPTP) is the most common cause of hypercalcaemia in the ambulatory setting. This condition affects between 0.1 -2% of the population. Surgery is the only curative treatment. Objective: The aim of the study is to present our 10-year surgical experience. Methods: Analytical-descriptive study. We included all patients diagnosed with HPTP treated with surgery in our hospital between June 2003 and June 2013. Results: 173 patients underwent surgery for HPTP. The mean age was 57.5 ± 13.5 years. Asymptomatic in 98 cases (56.6%). Resection the abnormal parathyroid glands was performed in all cases with intraoperative PTH monitoring. In 167 patients (96.5%) intraoperative PTH declined ≥ 50%. The median follow-up was 61 months (1-117 months). Cure was achieved in 169 patients (97.7%). Four cases (2.3%) had recurrence. Conclusions: Surgery is effective and safe for the treatment of HPTP. A decline in intraoperative PTH > 50% predicts cure in 97.7% of cases.