PurposeThis study explored the acute effects of strength-oriented resistance training sessions performed using three different set configurations on barbell velocity and the force-velocity (F-v) relationship of upper-body muscles in men and women.MethodThirteen men (age: 23.82.5years; 6-repetition maximum [6RM] load: 73.415.6kg) and 13 women (age: 21.5 +/- 1.4years; 6RM load: 32.8 +/- 5.2kg) performed 24 repetitions with a 6RM load during the bench press exercise using traditional (TR: 6 sets of 4 repetitions with 3min of rest between sets), cluster (CL: 6 sets of 4 repetitions with 15s of intra-set rest every two repetitions and 2min and 45s of rest between sets) and inter-repetition rest (IRR: 1 set of 24 repetitions with 39s of rest between repetitions) set configurations. The F-v relationship parameters [maximum force (F-0), maximum velocity (v(0)) and maximum power (P-max)] were determined before and after each training session.Results The average training velocity did not differ between the three set configurations (p=0.234), but the IRR set configuration generally provided higher velocities during the last repetition of each set. Significant decreases in F-0 (p=0.001) and P-max (p=0.024) but not in v(0) (p=0.669) were observed after the training sessions. Comparable velocity loss was observed for men and women (-12.1% vs. -11.3%; p=0.699).Conclusions The administration of very short intra-set rest periods does not allow for the attainment of higher velocities than traditional set configurations during strength-oriented resistance training sessions conducted with the bench press exercise when the work-to-rest ratio is equated.