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| DOI | 10.1051/0004-6361/201936255 | ||||
| Año | 2020 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
We present near-infrared interferometric data on the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068, obtained with the GRAVITY instrument on the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope Interferometer. The extensive baseline coverage from 5 to 60 M lambda allowed us to reconstruct a continuum image of the nucleus with an unrivaled 0.2 pc resolution in the K-band. We find a thin ring-like structure of emission with a radius r=0.24 +/- 0.03 pc, inclination i=70 +/- 5 degrees, position angle PA=-50 +/- 4 degrees, and h/r< 0.14, which we associate with the dust sublimation region. The observed morphology is inconsistent with the expected signatures of a geometrically and optically thick torus. Instead, the infrared emission shows a striking resemblance to the 22 GHz maser disc, which suggests they share a common region of origin. The near-infrared spectral energy distribution indicates a bolometric luminosity of (0.4-4.7) x 10(45) erg s(-1), behind a large A(K)approximate to 5.5 (A(V)approximate to 90) screen of extinction that also appears to contribute significantly to obscuring the broad line region.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pfuhl, Oliver | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 2 | Jaffe, T. R. | Mujer |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 3 | Dexter, J. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 4 | Netzer, Hagai | Hombre |
Tel Aviv Univ - Israel
Tel Aviv University - Israel |
| 5 | Honig, Sebastian F. | Hombre |
Univ Southampton - Reino Unido
University of Southampton - Reino Unido |
| 6 | Lutz, D. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 7 | Schartmann, M. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 8 | Sturm, Eckhard | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 9 | Amorim, A. | - |
Univ Lisbon - Portugal
|
| 10 | Brandner, W. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania Max Planck Inst Radio Astron - Alemania |
| 11 | Clenet, Y. | Hombre |
Univ Paris Diderot - Francia
Université PSL - Francia L'Observatoire de Paris - Francia |
| 12 | de Zeeuw, P. T. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Leiden Univ - Países Bajos Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania Leiden Observatory Research Institute - Países Bajos Sterrewacht Leiden - Países Bajos |
| 13 | Eckart, A. | Hombre |
Univ Cologne - Alemania
Max Planck Inst Radio Astron - Alemania University of Cologne - Alemania Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy - Alemania Universität zu Köln - Alemania |
| 14 | Eisenhauer, Frank | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 15 | Schreiber, N. M.Förster | Mujer |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 16 | Gao, F. | - |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
|
| 17 | Garcia, P. J. V. | - |
ESO - Chile
Univ Porto - Portugal Univ Lisbon - Portugal |
| 18 | Genzel, Reinhard | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
UNIV CALIF BERKELEY - Estados Unidos Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania University of California, Berkeley - Estados Unidos |
| 19 | Gillessen, S. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 20 | FERNANDEZ-GONZALEZ, FELIPE JOSE | Hombre |
Univ Paris Diderot - Francia
Université PSL - Francia |
| 21 | Kishimoto, Makoto | Hombre |
Kyoto Sangyo Univ - Japón
Kyoto Sangyo University - Japón |
| 22 | Lacour, S. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Univ Paris Diderot - Francia Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania Université PSL - Francia L'Observatoire de Paris - Francia |
| 23 | Millour, Florentin | Hombre |
Univ Cote dAzur - Francia
Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur - Francia |
| 24 | Ott, T. | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 25 | Paumard, T. | Hombre |
Univ Paris Diderot - Francia
Université PSL - Francia L'Observatoire de Paris - Francia |
| 26 | Perraut, K. | Mujer |
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Universite Grenoble Alpes - Francia |
| 27 | Perrin, G. | - |
Univ Paris Diderot - Francia
|
| 28 | Peterson, Bradley | Hombre |
OHIO STATE UNIV - Estados Unidos
Space Telescope Sci Inst - Estados Unidos The Ohio State University - Estados Unidos STScI - Estados Unidos Space Telescope Science Institute - Estados Unidos |
| 29 | Petrucci, Pierre Olivier | Hombre |
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Universite Grenoble Alpes - Francia |
| 30 | Prieto, M. A. | - |
IAC - España
Instituto Astrofisico de Canarias - España |
| 31 | Rouan, D. | Hombre |
Univ Paris Diderot - Francia
Université PSL - Francia L'Observatoire de Paris - Francia |
| 32 | Shangguan, J. | - |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 33 | Shimizu, Taro | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 34 | Sternberg, A. | Hombre |
Tel Aviv Univ - Israel
Flatiron Inst - Estados Unidos Tel Aviv University - Israel Simons Foundation - Estados Unidos |
| 35 | Straub, O. | - |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 36 | Rau, C. | Hombre |
Univ Cologne - Alemania
University of Cologne - Alemania Universität zu Köln - Alemania |
| 37 | Tacconi, L. J. | Mujer |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 38 | Tristram, Konrad | Hombre |
ESO - Chile
European Southern Observatory Santiago - Chile Observatorio Europeo Austral - Alemania European Southern Observ - Chile |
| 39 | Vermot, P. | - |
Univ Paris Diderot - Francia
Université PSL - Francia L'Observatoire de Paris - Francia |
| 40 | Waisberg, I | - |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 41 | Widmann, Felix | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania |
| 42 | MORALES-PERALTA, JUAN CARLOS | Hombre |
ESO - Alemania
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Alemania European Southern Observ - Alemania |
| 43 | GRAVITY Collaboration | Corporación |
| Fuente |
|---|
| National Science Foundation |
| Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| NSF |
| European Research Council |
| Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung |
| Horizon 2020 Framework Programme |
| Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção |
| Sofja Kovalevskaja award from the Alexander von Humboldt foundation |
| ERC synergy grant |
| Programme National Hautes Energies (PNHE) of the Centre National de la Recherche Sci-entifique (CNRS) |
| Programme National Hautes Energies |
| Centre National de la Recherche Sci-entifique |
| Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção |
| Engineering Research Centers |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| We thank the referees for their careful reading of the manuscript and their suggestions that have helped to improve it. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is oper-ated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work has made extensive use of the software QFitsView, which has been devel-oped by Thomas Ott, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (http://www.mpe.mpg.de/~ott/QFitsView/).F.E.and O. P. acknowledge support from ERC synergy grant No. 610058 (Black-HoleCam). J. D. was supported by a Sofja Kovalevskaja award from the Alexander von Humboldt foundation and in part by NSF grant AST 1909711. A. A. and P. G. acknowledge funding from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through grants UID/FIS/00099/2013 and SFRH/BSAB/142940/2018. P.O.P acknowledges support from the Programme National Hautes Energies (PNHE) of the Centre National de la Recherche Sci-entifique (CNRS). |
| Acknowledgements. We thank the referees for their careful reading of the manuscript and their suggestions that have helped to improve it. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work has made extensive use of the software QFitsView, which has been developed by Thomas Ott, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (http: //www.mpe.mpg.de/~ott/QFitsView/). F. E. and O. P. acknowledge support from ERC synergy grant No. 610058 (Black-HoleCam). J. D. was supported by a Sofja Kovalevskaja award from the Alexander von Humboldt foundation and in part by NSF grant AST 1909711. A. A. and P. G. acknowledge funding from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through grants UID/FIS/00099/2013 and SFRH/BSAB/142940/2018. P.O.P acknowledges support from the Programme National Hautes Energies (PNHE) of the Centre National de la Recherche Sci-entifique (CNRS). |