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| DOI | 10.3847/2041-8213/AB4DB7 | ||||
| Año | 2019 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
Dynamical black hole mass measurements in some gas-rich galaxy mergers indicate that they are overmassive relative to their host galaxy properties. Overmassive black holes in these systems present a conflict with the standard progression of galaxy merger?quasar evolution; an alternative explanation is that a nuclear concentration of molecular gas driven inward by the merger is affecting these dynamical black hole mass estimates. We test for the presence of such gas near the two black holes in NGC6240 using long-baseline ALMA Band 6 observations (beam size 006?003 or 30 pc?15 pc). We find (4.2?9.8)?10(7)M(?) and (1.2?7.7)?10(8)M(?) of molecular gas within the resolution limit of the original black hole mass measurements for the north and south black holes, respectively. In the south nucleus, this measurement implies that 6%?89% of the original black hole mass measurement actually comes from molecular gas, resolving the tension in the original black hole scaling relations. For the north, only 5%?11% is coming from molecular gas, suggesting the north black hole is actually overmassive. Our analysis provides the first measurement of significant molecular gas masses contaminating dynamical black hole mass measurements. These high central molecular gas densities further present a challenge to theoretical black hole accretion prescriptions, which often assume accretion proceeds rapidly through the central 10 pc.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Medling, A. M. | Mujer |
Univ Toledo - Estados Unidos
Australian Natl Univ - Australia The University of Toledo - Estados Unidos Australian National University - Australia The Australian National University - Australia |
| 2 | Privon, George C. | Hombre |
UNIV FLORIDA - Estados Unidos
University of Florida - Estados Unidos College of Liberal Arts and Sciences - Estados Unidos |
| 3 | BARCOS-MUNOZ, LORETO DE LOS ANGELES | Mujer |
Natl Radio Astron Observ - Estados Unidos
UNIV VIRGINIA - Estados Unidos National Radio Astronomy Observatory - Estados Unidos University of Virginia - Estados Unidos |
| 4 | Treister, Ezequiel | Hombre |
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
|
| 5 | Cicone, Claudia | Mujer |
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - Italia
Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera - Italia INAF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Milan - Italia |
| 6 | Messias, H. | Hombre |
Atacama Large Millimeter Array - Chile
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Chile Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array - Chile |
| 7 | Sanders, David | Hombre |
Univ Hawaii - Estados Unidos
University of Hawaii at Manoa - Estados Unidos University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa - Estados Unidos University Hawaii Institute for Astronomy - Estados Unidos |
| 8 | Scoville, Nicholas Z. | Hombre |
CALTECH - Estados Unidos
California Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos |
| 9 | Vivian, U. | - |
Univ Calif Irvine - Estados Unidos
University of California, Irvine - Estados Unidos |
| 10 | Armus, L. | - |
CALTECH - Estados Unidos
Spitzer Science Center - Estados Unidos California Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos |
| 11 | BAUER, FRANZ ERIK | Hombre |
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
|
| 12 | Chang, Chin-Shin | - |
Atacama Large Millimeter Array - Chile
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Chile Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array - Chile |
| 13 | Comerford, Julia M. | Mujer |
UNIV COLORADO - Estados Unidos
University of Colorado Boulder - Estados Unidos |
| 14 | Evans, Aaron S. | Hombre |
Natl Radio Astron Observ - Estados Unidos
UNIV VIRGINIA - Estados Unidos National Radio Astronomy Observatory - Estados Unidos University of Virginia - Estados Unidos |
| 15 | Max, Claire E. | Mujer |
Univ Calif Santa Cruz - Estados Unidos
University of California, Santa Cruz - Estados Unidos |
| 16 | Muller-Sanchez, Francisco | Hombre |
Univ Memphis - Estados Unidos
University of Memphis - Estados Unidos |
| 17 | Nagar, N. | Hombre |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
|
| 18 | Sheth, K. | - |
NASA Headquarters - Estados Unidos
National Aeronautics and Space Administration - Estados Unidos |
| Fuente |
|---|
| FONDECYT |
| CONICYT |
| National Science Foundation |
| University of California |
| NASA |
| University of Colorado |
| W. M. Keck Foundation |
| University of Florida |
| University of Virginia |
| Australian National University |
| Basal-CATA |
| European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant |
| Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency |
| National Radio Astronomy Observatory |
| California Institute of Technology |
| NASA - Space Telescope Science Institute |
| Horizon 2020 Framework Programme |
| Department of Physics |
| University of California, Irvine |
| Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica |
| Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics |
| University of Toledo |
| NASA Headquarters |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| The analysis presented herein was initiated at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1607611. A.M.M., G.C.P., L.B.M., E.T., and N.S. also thank the Sexten Center for Astrophysics, where the bulk of this paper was written. |
| This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA2015.1.00370.S and ADS/JAO.ALMA2015.1.00003.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan) and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. We enthusiastically thank the staff of the W. M. Keck Observatory and its AO team for their dedication and hard work. |
| The analysis presented herein was initiated at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1607611. A.M.M., G.C.P., L.B.M., E.T., and N.S. also thank the Sexten Center for Astrophysics, where the bulk of this paper was written. |
| Anne M. Medling George C. Privon Loreto Barcos-Mu�oz Ezequiel Treister Claudia Cicone Hugo Messias David B. Sanders Nick Scoville Vivian U Lee Armus Franz E. Bauer Chin-Shin Chang Julia M. Comerford Aaron S. Evans Claire E. Max Francisco M�ller-S�nchez Neil Nagar Kartik Sheth Anne M. Medling George C. Privon Loreto Barcos-Mu�oz Ezequiel Treister Claudia Cicone Hugo Messias David B. Sanders Nick Scoville Vivian U Lee Armus Franz E. Bauer Chin-Shin Chang Julia M. Comerford Aaron S. Evans Claire E. Max Francisco M�ller-S�nchez Neil Nagar Kartik Sheth Ritter Astrophysical Research Center, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, 211 Bryant Space Sciences Center, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA Astronomy Department, University of Virginia, 530 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA Instituto de Astrof�sica, Facultad de F�sica, Pontificia Universidad Cat�lica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, I-20121 Milano, Italy Joint ALMA Observatory and European Southern Observatory, Alonso de C�rdova 3107, Casilla 19001, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA California Institute of Technology, MC 249-17, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA Department of Physics and Material Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA Universidad de Concepci�n, Departamento de Astronom�a, Casilla 160-C, Concepci�n, Chile NASA Headquarters, 300 E Street SW, Washington, DC 20546, USA Hubble Fellow. Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellow. Anne M. Medling, George C. Privon, Loreto Barcos-Mu�oz, Ezequiel Treister, Claudia Cicone, Hugo Messias, David B. Sanders, Nick Scoville, Vivian U, Lee Armus, Franz E. Bauer, Chin-Shin Chang, Julia M. Comerford, Aaron S. Evans, Claire E. Max, Francisco M�ller-S�nchez, Neil Nagar and Kartik Sheth 2019-11-01 2019-10-31 15:48:22 cgi/release: Article released bin/incoming: New from .zip NASA Hubble Fellowship Program HST-HF2-51377 yes Dynamical black hole mass measurements in some gas-rich galaxy mergers indicate that they are overmassive relative to their host galaxy properties. Overmassive black holes in these systems present a conflict with the standard progression of galaxy merger–quasar evolution; an alternative explanation is that a nuclear concentration of molecular gas driven inward by the merger is affecting these dynamical black hole mass estimates. We test for the presence of such gas near the two black holes in NGC�6240 using long-baseline ALMA Band 6 observations (beam size 0.″06�נ0.″03 or 30 pc�נ15 pc). We find (4.2–9.8)�נ10 7 M ☉ and (1.2–7.7)�נ10 8 M ☉ of molecular gas within the resolution limit of the original black hole mass measurements for the north and south black holes, respectively. In the south nucleus, this measurement implies that 6%–89% of the original black hole mass measurement actually comes from molecular gas, resolving the tension in the original black hole scaling relations. For the north, only 5%–11% is coming from molecular gas, suggesting the north black hole is actually overmassive. Our analysis provides the first measurement of significant molecular gas masses contaminating dynamical black hole mass measurements. 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