This study examines the impact of the repressive regime of Augusto Pinochet (1973-1990) upon the artists and the cultural life of Chile, particularly the musicians who were part of the Chilean New Song movement, in the first years of the dictatorship (1973-1977), using the analytical tool of the microhistory. It considers, as well, in a comparative manner, the cultural expression known as Canto Nuevo, which emerged after the coup. This work considers daily life as expressed in the microhistory to be a reflection of the ideological and structural changes made by the dictatorship in an effort to erase the recent history of the Popular Unity (UP) and the dreams of the popular classes of Chile.