Castoriadis thinks through his work on the relationship established between social movements and the autonomy. This relationship is far from to be homogeneity and goes through moments of closeness and distance. The moments of proximity are grouped under the notion of emancipation movement and are emphasized in the importance of its various expressions, it be to hold back capitalism or else the institution of deliberative practices or partial rights. Parallel, he warns of the risks of deviations and recurring limits to fall in these collective actors, namely, the pollution through imaginary progress, bureaucratization, the lobby and the inability to overcome the mobilization. Additionally, the notion of collective imagination is presented as a theoretical device that allows the approximation to social movements as a disputed field and tensions inside of the magma of social meanings.