Wealth holdings are particularly important in developing economics as they allow individuals to insure themselves against income shocks in the absence of developed financial markets. In this paper, we test whether the existence of future social security benefits impacts wealth holdings by using the 1981 Chilean social security reform. Our estimates are based on the EPS 2004, which contains detailed data on wealth holdings (assets and liabilities) and social security account balances. By means of different econometric methods, we find no impact of social security on wealth accumulation, with the exception of poorer individuals. In that case, each additional peso in social security wealth depresses other types of wealth by almost 0.1 pesos, mainly in regard to real estate. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.