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| Indexado |
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| DOI | 10.1186/S40623-019-1062-2 | ||||
| Año | 2019 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
There are small pieces of evidence, suggesting that South America's hydrological cycle is changing, which impacts its water availability and, consequently, the Earth's surface due to its elastic response to the surface mass loading/unloading. Therefore, we analyzed 3 to 15years of vertical crustal displacements (VCDs) due to mass loadings using 292 Global Positioning System (GPS) stations in South America, which are essential for studies related to tectonic phenomena, for example. Thus, we investigated whether the intra-annual variabilities of the displacements could be reduced using modeled VCDs and inverted displacements from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) harmonic solutions (Release 06). The modeled VCDs come from the combination of nontidal atmospheric and ocean loadings with the hydrological loadings from the land-surface model (GLDAS) and reanalysis (MERRA). We found that the highest amplitudes of VCDs of the annual signals are concentrated mainly over the Amazon Rainforest and Brazilian Highlands. However, the results also show different behavior throughout other physiographic provinces of South America, which shows low water capabilities as sensed by GRACE and described by the GLDAS and MERRA models. Accordingly, when we disregard the stations over the Andes Mountains and Patagonia in the analysis, the highest reduction in the variability of GPS-observed VCDs is achieved while using GRACE (79% of the sites), MERRA (75% of the sites), and GLDAS (74% of the sites). For these stations, the amplitudes (and phases) of the annual signals depicted by the geodetic sensors generally agree, while those from GLDAS and MERRA explain only approximately 50% of the deformation. However, in the southwest region of South America (between the latitude bands of -40 degrees to -30 degrees), GPS annual signals, which reached up to 11mm, are much larger than those from GRACE and the models due to the existence of lakes that are not resolved in global analysis. These inconsistencies between GPS-observed VCDs and those derived from GRACE and the other models require further investigation, specifically for Chile.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ferreira, Vagner G. | Hombre |
Hohai Univ - China
Hohai University - China |
| 2 | MONTECINO-CASTRO, HENRY DIVERTH | Hombre |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
|
| 3 | Ndehedehe, Christopher E. | Hombre |
Griffith Univ - Australia
Griffith University - Australia |
| 4 | Abarca-del-Rio, Rodrigo | Hombre |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
|
| 5 | Cuevas, Aharon | Hombre |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
|
| 6 | de Freitas, S. R. C. | Hombre |
UNIV FED PARANA - Brasil
Universidade Federal do Paraná - Brasil |
| Fuente |
|---|
| Universidad de Concepción |
| National Natural Science Foundation of China |
| Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities |
| Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico |
| University of Concepción |
| National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) |
| Universidade Federal do Paraná |
| Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e Tecnológico |
| University of Concepci?n |
| Universidade Federal do Paraná |
| University of Nevada, Reno |
| Nevada Geodetic Laboratory |
| Federal University of Paran? |
| International Mass Loading Service |
| Central Universities in China |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) through Grant Number 41574001. |
| VGF acknowledges the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41574001)?and?Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2018B18114). HDM would like to thank the Ph.D. scholarship granted by the University of Concepci?n (UdeC). SRCF thanks CNPq (Grant process No. 306936/2015-1) and the Federal University of Paran? for the Senior Professor fellowship. The authors thank the CSR center for providing monthly solutions of the gravitational field, the International Mass Loading Service (IMLS) for providing the surface-loading models data, the S1 and S2 Atmospheric Tide Loading Calculator for providing the atmospheric tidal constituents, and the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory (NGL) at the University of Nevada, Reno for providing the GPS time series. We also would like to express our gratitude to the reviewers and the Vice Editor-in-Chief Prof. Masato?Furuya for the valuable comments and suggestions. |